HS Code:
Andalusite, kyanite, and sillimanite (HS Code: 2508.50) are aluminosilicate minerals primarily used in the production of refractory materials, ceramics, and as raw materials in high-temperature industries. These minerals are valued for their high resistance to heat and chemical corrosion, making them critical in manufacturing processes for steel, glass, and cement. Global trade in these minerals is driven by industrial demand, particularly in countries with significant manufacturing sectors.
Total Trade Volume
Approximately $200 million USD
Data from 2022
Source
United Nations Comtrade Database & International Trade Centre (ITC)
$80 million USD
40% of total trade of total trade
Increasing
$50 million USD
25% of total trade of total trade
Stable
$30 million USD
15% of total trade of total trade
Increasing
$20 million USD
10% of total trade of total trade
Stable
$10 million USD
5% of total trade of total trade
Decreasing
Average Rate
5.2% ad valorem
Highest Rate
12% (imposed by certain developing countries)
Lowest Rate
0% (under free trade agreements like EU-USMCA)
Rising demand in steel and refractory industries
Increased export volumes from major producers like South Africa due to growth in global steel production, particularly in Asia.
2021-2022
Shift towards sustainable mining practices
Higher production costs due to stricter environmental regulations, potentially affecting smaller exporters.
2020-2022
Growing use in advanced ceramics
Diversification of applications leading to new market opportunities in electronics and aerospace industries.
2022
South Africa announced investments in expanding andalusite mining operations to meet growing global demand, particularly from Asia.
March 2023
Expected to increase global supply by 10% over the next two years, potentially stabilizing prices.
The European Union introduced new regulations on the import of raw minerals, requiring certification of sustainable mining practices for andalusite, kyanite, and sillimanite.
July 2023
May increase compliance costs for exporters but could benefit environmentally conscious producers.
Ongoing trade disputes have led to increased tariffs on Chinese imports of refractory materials, indirectly boosting demand for alternative suppliers of kyanite and sillimanite.
January 2023
Potential market share gains for South African and Indian exporters in the US market.