HS Code:
This category includes Swiss or Emmentaler cheese (other than with eye formation), Gruyere-process cheese, and cheese substitutes containing or processed from such cheeses, classified under Harmonized System (HS) subheadings 0406.10.68, 0406.20.83, 0406.30.53, 0406.30.83, and 0406.90.92. These cheeses are known for their distinct flavors and textures, often used in culinary applications worldwide. Swiss and Emmentaler cheeses (without the characteristic 'eyes' or holes) and Gruyere-process varieties are prized for their melting properties, making them popular in dishes like fondues and gratins. This category also includes processed cheese products and substitutes that mimic the characteristics of these traditional cheeses, catering to a wide range of dietary preferences and price points.
Total Trade Volume
Approximately 150,000 metric tons
Data from 2022
Source
International Trade Centre (ITC) Trade Map and UN Comtrade Database
45,000 metric tons
30% of total trade of total trade
Stable
30,000 metric tons
20% of total trade of total trade
Increasing
25,000 metric tons
16.7% of total trade of total trade
Stable
20,000 metric tons
13.3% of total trade of total trade
Increasing
15,000 metric tons
10% of total trade of total trade
Decreasing
Average Rate
6.4% ad valorem
Highest Rate
35% (applied by certain countries under quota restrictions)
Lowest Rate
0% (under free trade agreements like EU-Switzerland Agreement)
Growing demand for specialty cheeses in emerging markets
Increased export opportunities for Swiss and Gruyere-process cheeses in Asia and Latin America, driven by rising disposable incomes and interest in Western cuisines.
2021-2023
Shift towards plant-based cheese substitutes
Rising vegan and lactose-intolerant consumer bases are boosting demand for cheese substitutes processed from Swiss or Gruyere varieties, impacting traditional cheese market shares.
2020-2023
Sustainability concerns in dairy production
Pressure on exporters to adopt sustainable and ethical farming practices, influencing production costs and consumer preferences in key markets like the EU.
2019-2023
Negotiations to update dairy trade quotas under the EU-Switzerland bilateral agreement have resulted in reduced tariffs for Swiss and Gruyere-process cheeses entering the EU market.
June 2023
Expected to increase Swiss cheese exports to the EU by 10-15% over the next two years, benefiting major exporters.
The United States adjusted its tariff-rate quotas for imported cheeses under HS 0406 categories, imposing stricter limits on non-NAFTA countries for 2023.
January 2023
Potential reduction in export volumes from European countries to the US, redirecting trade flows to other markets like Asia.
A US court ruling in 2022 denied exclusive GI protection for 'Gruyere' to Swiss and French producers, allowing US producers to use the term, sparking international debate.
March 2022
May lead to increased competition from US-produced Gruyere cheeses, affecting European exporters' market share and pricing strategies.