HS Code:
The category 'Other clays (not including expanded clays of heading 6806), andalusite, kyanite and sillimanite, whether or not calcined; mullite; chamotte or dinas earths' falls under HS Code 2508. This category includes various types of clays and refractory materials used primarily in industrial applications such as ceramics, refractories for high-temperature furnaces, and construction materials. These minerals are valued for their heat resistance, chemical stability, and binding properties. Andalusite, kyanite, and sillimanite are aluminosilicate minerals often used in refractory products, while mullite is a synthetic material derived from these minerals. Chamotte and dinas earths are calcined clays used in firebrick production and other heat-resistant applications.
Total Trade Volume
Approximately $1.2 billion USD
Data from 2022
Source
United Nations Comtrade Database
$350 million USD
29.2% of total trade of total trade
Increasing
$200 million USD
16.7% of total trade of total trade
Stable
$150 million USD
12.5% of total trade of total trade
Increasing
$100 million USD
8.3% of total trade of total trade
Stable
$80 million USD
6.7% of total trade of total trade
Increasing
Average Rate
5.2% ad valorem
Highest Rate
12% (applied by certain developing countries)
Lowest Rate
0% (under free trade agreements like EU Single Market or USMCA)
Growing demand in refractory industries
Increased trade volume due to rising steel and glass production, which rely on refractory materials for high-temperature processes
2021-2022
Shift towards sustainable mining practices
Higher production costs but improved market access in regions with strict environmental standards like the EU
2020-2022
Technological advancements in synthetic mullite production
Reduced dependency on natural mineral reserves, affecting trade patterns for raw materials
2019-2022
China introduced tighter export controls on certain refractory materials to prioritize domestic steel production needs.
March 2023
Increased global prices and supply chain disruptions for importing countries
South Africa announced new investments in andalusite mining to boost export capacity, targeting European and Asian markets.
July 2022
Potential increase in global supply and competitive pricing
The EU implemented stricter environmental standards under the Green Deal, affecting imports of clays and refractory materials with high carbon footprints.
January 2023
Higher compliance costs for exporters and a shift towards sustainable suppliers