HS Code:
Refill cartridges, typically classified under HS Code 8443.99 (parts and accessories of printers and copying machines), include ink and toner cartridges used for refilling printers and other printing devices. This category is critical in the office supplies and printing industry, supporting cost-effective printing solutions for businesses and consumers. The trade of refill cartridges is influenced by the demand for sustainable and affordable printing options, as well as technological advancements in printer designs.
Total Trade Volume
USD 5.2 billion
Data from 2022
Source
United Nations Comtrade Database
Average Rate
5.2%
Highest Rate
15% (applied by certain developing countries to protect local industries)
Lowest Rate
0% (under free trade agreements such as USMCA and EU-Japan EPA)
Growing demand for eco-friendly refill solutions
Increased trade in sustainable and recyclable cartridges as businesses and consumers prioritize environmental responsibility
2021-2023
Rise of compatible and third-party cartridges
Shift in market share from original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) to cost-effective alternatives, impacting pricing strategies
2020-2022
Technological advancements in printer designs
Demand for specialized refill cartridges compatible with new printer models, influencing innovation in cartridge manufacturing
2022-2023
The European Union introduced new regulations mandating higher recycling rates for ink and toner cartridges, pushing manufacturers to adopt sustainable practices.
June 2023
Increased production costs for non-compliant manufacturers but boosted demand for eco-friendly refill cartridges in the EU market.
A revised trade agreement reduced tariffs on printer accessories, including refill cartridges, between the US and China, facilitating smoother trade flows.
March 2023
Lower costs for US importers and increased export volumes for Chinese manufacturers.
Major printer manufacturers filed lawsuits against third-party cartridge producers over patent infringements, creating uncertainty in the compatible cartridge market.
September 2022
Potential supply chain disruptions and increased prices for compatible cartridges in the short term.