HS Code:
The 'Live Fish' category, classified under HS Code 0301, encompasses the global trade of live fish for various purposes, including aquaculture, ornamental use (e.g., aquarium fish), and restocking of fisheries. This category includes species such as live trout, salmon, carp, and ornamental tropical fish. The trade of live fish is a niche yet significant segment of the seafood industry, driven by demand for sustainable aquaculture, pet trade, and biodiversity conservation efforts. The sector faces challenges related to biosecurity, transportation logistics, and regulatory compliance due to the risk of disease transmission and environmental impact.
Total Trade Volume
USD 1.5 billion
Data from 2022
Source
UN Comtrade Database, International Trade Centre (ITC)
USD 350 million
23.3% of total trade of total trade
Increasing
USD 200 million
13.3% of total trade of total trade
Stable
USD 180 million
12.0% of total trade of total trade
Increasing
USD 150 million
10.0% of total trade of total trade
Stable
USD 120 million
8.0% of total trade of total trade
Increasing
Average Rate
5.2% ad valorem
Highest Rate
15% (imposed by certain developing countries to protect local fisheries)
Lowest Rate
0% (under free trade agreements such as EU-Norway or USMCA)
Growing demand for ornamental fish
Increased trade in tropical species from Southeast Asia for the global pet industry, driving export growth in countries like Indonesia and Thailand.
2020-2022
Sustainability focus in aquaculture
Rising imports of live fish for sustainable farming practices, particularly salmon and trout in Europe and North America, boosting trade from Norway.
2019-2022
Technological advancements in transportation
Improved live fish transport systems (e.g., oxygenated tanks) have reduced mortality rates, enabling longer-distance trade and market expansion.
2021-2022
The European Union introduced stricter biosecurity measures for live fish imports to prevent the spread of aquatic diseases, requiring additional health certifications.
March 2023
Increased compliance costs for exporters, particularly smaller players from developing countries, potentially reducing trade volumes to the EU.
Indonesia launched a national program to boost the export of ornamental fish through improved breeding techniques and international marketing.
July 2022
Strengthened Indonesia's position as a leading supplier in the global pet trade market, with a projected 10% growth in export volume for 2023.
A bilateral agreement between the US and China included provisions to facilitate the trade of live fish for aquaculture, reducing tariffs on select species.
September 2022
Expected to increase US exports of live fish to China, supporting American aquaculture businesses and fostering market diversification.