HS Code:
Lithium enriched in lithium-6 and its compounds (HS Code: 2845.20) are specialized materials primarily used in nuclear applications, particularly in the production of tritium for nuclear fusion and in certain types of nuclear reactors. Lithium-6 is a critical isotope due to its ability to capture neutrons and produce tritium, a key component in thermonuclear weapons and potential future fusion energy systems. This category includes both the enriched lithium-6 isotope and its chemical compounds, which are subject to strict international controls due to their strategic importance.
Total Trade Volume
Approximately $50 million USD
Data from 2022
Source
United Nations Comtrade Database and International Trade Centre (ITC)
$20 million USD
40% of total trade of total trade
Increasing
$15 million USD
30% of total trade of total trade
Stable
$10 million USD
20% of total trade of total trade
Increasing
$3 million USD
6% of total trade of total trade
Stable
$2 million USD
4% of total trade of total trade
Decreasing
Average Rate
5.5% ad valorem
Highest Rate
12% (imposed by certain developing countries on strategic materials)
Lowest Rate
0% (under specific free trade agreements or for nuclear research purposes)
Growing demand for fusion research
Increased investment in nuclear fusion projects like ITER (International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor) is driving demand for lithium-6 enriched materials, particularly in Europe and Asia.
2022
Geopolitical supply chain concerns
Tensions between major powers have led to efforts to diversify supply chains, with countries like the US and EU seeking alternative sources beyond Russia and China.
2021-2023
Technological advancements in isotope separation
Improvements in enrichment technologies have slightly reduced production costs, though strict regulations continue to limit market expansion.
2020-2022
The US Department of Energy announced a $10 million investment to enhance domestic production capabilities for lithium-6, reducing reliance on foreign supply amidst global tensions.
March 2023
This is expected to boost US self-sufficiency and influence global trade dynamics by reducing export reliance on other major producers like Russia.
The European Union updated its export control regulations for dual-use items, including lithium-6, requiring stricter licensing and monitoring to prevent proliferation risks.
September 2022
This has led to delays in trade with non-EU countries and increased compliance costs for exporters.
China inaugurated a new facility for isotope enrichment, aimed at supporting its growing nuclear energy and research programs, positioning it as a key player in the market.
January 2023
This development could lead to increased competition and potential oversupply, affecting global prices and trade patterns.