HS Code:
The Cheddar cheese category, including cheese and substitutes for cheese containing or processed from Cheddar cheese (HS Code: 0406.90.10), encompasses a wide range of dairy products primarily made from cow's milk. Cheddar cheese is one of the most popular cheese varieties globally, known for its sharp taste and firm texture. This category includes both natural Cheddar cheese and processed products or substitutes that use Cheddar as a base. These products are widely used in culinary applications, snacks, and processed foods. Global trade in this category is driven by demand for high-quality dairy products, regional production capabilities, and consumer preferences for cheese in both developed and emerging markets.
Total Trade Volume
Approximately $5.2 billion USD
Data from 2022
Source
United Nations Comtrade Database and International Trade Centre (ITC)
$1.3 billion USD
25% of total trade of total trade
Increasing
$900 million USD
17% of total trade of total trade
Stable
$750 million USD
14% of total trade of total trade
Increasing
$600 million USD
12% of total trade of total trade
Stable
$500 million USD
10% of total trade of total trade
Increasing
Average Rate
12.5%
Highest Rate
35% (imposed by certain developing countries to protect local dairy industries)
Lowest Rate
0% (under free trade agreements like EU-UK Trade and Cooperation Agreement)
Growing demand for organic and specialty Cheddar cheese
Increased export opportunities for producers focusing on premium and niche products, especially in North America and Europe
2021-2023
Rising popularity of plant-based cheese substitutes
Moderate competition for traditional Cheddar cheese, particularly in vegan and health-conscious markets
2020-2023
Supply chain disruptions due to geopolitical tensions
Temporary trade slowdowns and increased costs for exporters in affected regions
2022
The United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA) has facilitated greater market access for U.S. Cheddar cheese exporters to Canada, with reduced tariffs and increased quotas.
July 2020 (ongoing impact through 2023)
Boosted U.S. exports to Canada by approximately 15% since implementation.
Post-Brexit trade deals, particularly with Australia and New Zealand, have opened new markets for UK Cheddar cheese exporters, though EU trade faces increased friction due to customs checks.
January 2021 (ongoing)
Mixed impact with growth in non-EU markets but challenges in maintaining EU export volumes.
New EU regulations under the Green Deal impose stricter sustainability and animal welfare standards on cheese production, affecting both domestic producers and importers.
March 2023
Potential cost increases for non-compliant exporters but opportunities for those meeting higher standards.